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Procurement professionals who pass the CIPS L4M2 certification exam demonstrate a deep understanding of the principles and practices of defining business needs. Defining Business Needs certification is ideal for professionals who are involved in procurement strategy development, supplier selection, and contract management. The CIPS L4M2 certification exam is recognized internationally and is highly valued by employers in the procurement and supply chain industry.

The Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply (CIPS) Level 4 Management Module 2 (L4M2) certification exam is designed to test the ability of professionals to identify and define business needs. L4M2 Exam is ideal for procurement and supply chain professionals who want to improve their skills and knowledge in identifying the needs of their organizations. CIPS L4M2 is a globally recognized qualification that demonstrates an individual's competence and expertise in analyzing business requirements.

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CIPS Defining Business Needs Sample Questions (Q151-Q156):

NEW QUESTION # 151
Bob is a new procurement specialist at XYZ Ltd. He is assigned to categorise the company's sup-plies. After analysing, Bob realises that a group of low value products is sourced from a tiny geo-graphical area which is prone to flooding. What would be the best strategy to manage this category of products?

Answer: D

Explanation:
In the scenario, the products have low value and high risk of supply. This group is known as bottleneck or critical in Kraljic's portfolio matrix. The objective for such items would be securing the supply. The company can achieve this goal by 'making' the products themselves, or finding an alternative option.
Diagram Description automatically generated


NEW QUESTION # 152
OMK is a Russian steel firm that is expanding market abroad. It plans to build a steel plant in a foreign country. Due to intricate technical requirements, the plant design will be very complex. Procurement department or technical department alone cannot draft the specification. OMK senior management decides that this task must be treated as a project. Which of the following should be done before writing the specification for new steel plant?

Answer: C

Explanation:
The writing of a complex specification should be treated as a project because it requires the brain power from different stakeholders. Many tools and processes of project management can be applied to complex specification development. Before engaging with the stakeholders and implementing the project, the project initial document should developed.
A Project Initiation Document (PID) is one of the most important components of project manage-ment, which forms the foundation for a company project. It is a reference point during the entire project, for the client as well as for the project team.
A PID bundles documentation into a logical reference work that collects all important information needed to start and run a project from a good foundation. After that, Project Initiation Document must be transferred to all stakeholders, including business sponsors.
This forms the basis for the project management. The documentation from which the PID is com-posed include the business case in which the project's justification can be found, the communica-tion plan and the project plan.
The PID is composed out of collected information and includes, among others, the following com-ponents:
- Project goal(s); what do you want to achieve with the project?
- Project size; how large is the project, how long does it take and how many people are involved?
- Project organisation; who are involved in the project, what are their tasks, responsibilities and authority?
- Limits and risks; what can cause a project to stagnate and are there risks related to the project?
- Stakeholders; who has a stake in the success of the project?
- Project checks and frame reporting; by carefully taking into account evaluation moments, it is clear to everyone what sample tests can be carried out during the process.
In addition, it is important that the Project Initiation Document also contains the following infor-mation:
- The background and occasion of the project, which together provide information about the con-text.
- The project organisational structure, which describes who has which management responsibility in the project.
- The project quality plan, describing who controls the quality of the products to be delivered and how it will take place.
- The total project planning, including the duration of all activities.
- The exception process, which describes how exceptions are dealt with and the steps of the escalation procedure.
- The risk log, including the measures that will be taken when there are unforeseen risks.
- The documentation structure of the project, in which the encoding and storage of all documents and products to be provided by the project has been recorded in advance.


NEW QUESTION # 153
In Kano model, which of the following types of requirement should be excluded from the product or service?

Answer: B

Explanation:
Kano model of excitement and basic quality (Kano et al, 1984; Berger et al, 1993; Matzler et al, 1996) brings a different perspective for the analysis of improvement opportunities in products and services because it takes in consideration the asymmetrical and non-linear relationship between performance and satisfaction. The Kano model classifies customers requirements in three categories (figure 3):
a) Basic Requirements (or Must-be requirement). The basic requirements fulfill the basic func-tions of a product. If they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will be extremely dissatisfied. On the other hand, if they are present or have sufficient performance, they don't bring satisfaction. Customers see them as prerequisites. For instance, for luxury automobiles, "air bags" are considered basic. A customer won't feel satisfied if the automobile has "air bag", however he/she will not buy it if "air bag" is not present.
b) Performance Requirements (or One-dimensional requirements). As for these requirements, satisfaction is proportional to the performance level - the higher the performance, the higher the customer's satisfaction will be and vice-versa. Gas consumption in automobiles is an example of these requirements. Usually customers explicitly demand performance requirements.
c) Excitement Requirements (or Attractive requirements). These requirements are key to cus-tomer satisfaction. If they are present or have sufficient performance, they will bring superior satisfaction. On the other hand, if they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will not get dissatisfied. For instance, a surprise gift at the end of a dinner in a restaurant will certainly bring satisfaction, but it will not cause dissatisfaction if not offered. These requirements are not demanded nor expected by customers.
Two other types of requirements may be identified in the Kano model: neutral and reverse ones. Neutral requirements do not bring either satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Reverse require-ments bring more satisfaction if absent than if present.

Reference:
- Integrating Kano model and QFD for Designing New Products
- CIPS study guide page 171-172


NEW QUESTION # 154
Due to the growth of consumer electronics market, semiconductor industry develops exponentially. However, the industry is dominated by a dozens of manufacturer. Chipset need to be built in factories with highly controlled environments. New chip factories cost billions of dollars and can take two years to build. Right now, factories are running at full capacity, which produce almost perfect yields, meaning basic chipset can be made for less than a dollar and more advanced versions for not much more. What are the barriers to new entrants in the semiconductor industry?
1. Poor industry growth
2. High set-up costs
3. Economies of scale
4. Low switching costs

Answer: B

Explanation:
Barriers to entry is an economics and business term describing factors that can prevent or impede newcomers into a market or industry sector, and so limit competition. The most obvious barriers to entry are high start-up costs and regulatory hurdles which include the need for new companies to obtain licenses or regulatory clearance before operation. Also, industries heavily regulated by the government are usually the most difficult to penetrate. Other forms of barrier to entry that prevent new competitors from easily entering a business sector include special tax benefits to existing firms, patent protections, strong brand identity, customer loyalty, and high customer switching costs.
In the scenario, the new factory for chipset manufacturing costs billions of dollars, which indicates high set-up costs. Also, the incumbent manufacturers have reached economies of scale, allowing them to produce the components at optimal price.
The above descriptions are compiled from recent reports on current chip shortage (2021).


NEW QUESTION # 155
Buyers can ascertain the prices by examining information provided by primary and secondary sources of market data. Which of the following is a secondary source of market data?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Detailed Explanation:Price comparison websites are secondary sources as they aggregate data collected from multiple suppliers. Primary sources (like RFQs and brochures) come directly from the supplier.
Reference: CIPS Level 4, Market Data Analysis.


NEW QUESTION # 156
......

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